Chrysler in Trouble free essay sample

The car showcase is one of the most worthwhile markets on the planet. They have concentrated on worldwide development since the late 1900s. This market has effective universal organizations, for example, Mercedes-Benz, Lexis, Hyundai, Chrysler, Camry, Fiat, and so on. These organizations have held a situation in the car business. Indeed, even in monetary difficulties when interest for autos was diminished, the market didn't bother them. Two firms unmistakable in this industry are Chrysler and Fiat which have both held effective situations in the late 1900s. Because of diminished market request and dreary items the two firms have radically decreased their market claim. This has prompted diminished benefits which have prompted European based organization Fiat leaving the United States during the 1980s. American based firm Chrysler needed to manage deals drops and absence of interest. A coalition between the two firms might expand their client base and future benefits. We will compose a custom paper test on Chrysler in a tough situation or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page This could be a worthwhile undertaking for the two firms if effective. Chrysler an American organization has held a solid situation in the car business in the prior 1900s. Fiat an Italian company has perhaps the most grounded enterprise in Italy. Among the three most significant United States vehicle producers, Chrysler is the littlest one. This implies Chrysler’s remain in the car advertise needs a lot of progress. With the tremendous developing nature of the United States and global automakers, Chrysler needs to improve their presentation and request to try and contend at their level. Chrysler declared financial insolvency security under segment 364 of section 11 of the US liquidation code. Chrysler declared that it would build up a worldwide key partnership with Fiat. Chief of Fiat Sergio Marchionne will take over as administration of Chrysler also. Individuals need to know how the new administration won't just influence the company yet in addition the partners that have put resources into the two organizations. Presentation The Chrysler Corporation was established by Walter Chrysler in 1924 out of what survived from the Maxwell Motor Company. Chrysler extraordinarily extended in 1928 when it procured the Dodge Brothers Company and started selling vehicles under those brands; that equivalent year it additionally settled the Plymouth and DeSoto car brands. During the 1970s various variables including the 1973 oil emergency affected Chryslers deals, and by the late 1970s, Chrysler was very nearly chapter 11. Lee Iacocca was acquired as CEO and is attributed with restoring the organization to benefit during the 1980s. In 1987, Chrysler gained American Motors Corporation, which brought the beneficial Jeep brand under the Chrysler umbrella. In 1998 Chrysler converged with German automaker Daimler-Benz AG to frame DaimlerChrysler; the merger demonstrated antagonistic with financial specialists and Chrysler was offered to Cerberus Capital Management and renamed Chrysler LLC in 2007. Like the other Big Three vehicle makers, Chrysler was hit hard by the car business emergency of 2008. Chrysler got billions of dollars in credits from the United States government in late 2008 and mid 2009 to keep it from closing down. Chrysler petitioned for Chapter 11 liquidation revamping on April 30, 2009. Chrysler ought to make another organization with Fiat wherein Fiat would at first have a 20% stake, which would later be expanded up to 35%. The Voluntary Employees Benefit Association (VEBA) would have a 55% stake in it, the US Treasury division a 8% stake. The Canadian and Ontario governments would have a joined 2% stake, with the Canadian government holding 1. 33%, and the Ontario government holding the staying 0. 67% stake. Section One Situation Analysis 1. 1 Industry Overview The U. S. engine vehicle producing industry utilizes 880,000 specialists, or roughly 6. 6% of the U. S. fabricating workforce, incorporating the individuals who work in the huge engine vehicle parts producing division, just as the individuals who collect engine vehicles. Since the start of the decade, the countries car producing area has wiped out in excess of 435,000 car fabricating occupations (or a sum equivalent to around 3. 3% of all assembling employments in 2008). The business level previously dunked underneath one million out of 2007 and tumbled to 880,000 specialists a year ago. With the rebuilding and insolvency of Chrysler and General Motors, and the progressing downturn in the auto division, work in the countries car producing industry will undoubtedly contract in 2009 and 2010 as extra get together, powertrain, and car parts plants close. Financially the car business is an oligopoly. This is the reason the Big 3 remains the Big 3. The idea of building vehicles makes it hard for little players to enter the market. The expense of passage is high. As an oligopoly, the Big 3 likewise will in general give more consideration to each other than to clients or contenders. On the off chance that GM includes airbags, Chrysler and Ford include airbags. Being the littlest, Chrysler will in general follow instead of lead. Thoughts produced outside the Big 3 will in general be disregarded. At the point when times are acceptable, automakers can sell anything they can deliver. That incorporates awful vehicles. In any case, during downturns, automakers lose billions of dollars simply looking after tasks. This is fundamentally because of the high fixed expenses. Furthermore, those expenses are getting higher as close association contracts make work a â€Å"fixed† cost. The business comprises of six portions: three develop markets (North America, Japan and Western Europe) and three developing markets (Asia-Pacific, Eastern Europe and Latin America). The main rivals in the business are the Big Three (GM, Chrysler and Ford) and the Japanese Manufacturers (Toyota, Honda, and Nissan). To pick up pieces of the pie organizations are concentrating towards ceaseless improvement, development and cost control. 1. 2 Strategic Group Mapping Fig. 1: Strategic Group Mapping 1. 3 Key Success Factors The car business is one of the biggest business parts in America, utilizing thousands and making items that influence the manner in which individuals go through cash in a significant manner. In spite of the fact that there are numerous ways for a car organization to make progress, each solid organization in the business must have some key basic achievement elements to guarantee long haul benefit. 1. 3. 1 Positive Image One basic factor that regularly characterizes a car organization is its open picture. Since purchasers endow their security, alongside a sizable segment of their pay, to a vehicle organization, the view of the organization figures incredibly in the purchasing choice. Elements impacting a car companys picture incorporate publicizing, verbal exchange and master surveys and feelings. 1. 3. 2 Distribution Network A progressively down to earth basic achievement factor for any car organization is a solid system for dispersion. Since vehicles and trucks are not sold legitimately to clients, car makers depend on diversified businesses to give nearby showrooms. These vendors must be educated and respectable to sell vehicles, which is fundamental for the automaker. Like auto companies, vendors are dependent on a positive picture that might be impacted by, or impact thus, the picture of the automaker. 1. 3. 3 Cash Flow A sound income is another down to earth basic achievement factor. At the point when an automaker gives motivators or brings down costs, it quite often sells more vehicles, yet the overall revenue may not be a sound one. Simultaneously, an automaker needs to monitor costs, including details that are inclined to variance, for example, the cost of crude materials and redistributed segments. Accomplishing a feasible income is key to the regular conversations among automakers and representative associations. 1. 3. 4 Compliance Automakers should likewise guarantee that the vehicles they sell are in consistence with different government and nearby guidelines. These incorporate emanations gauges, eco-friendliness and wellbeing guidelines. While it might cost less to deliver vehicles that perform possibly in these zones, the expense of a security review or government-commanded fixes are regularly a lot higher and hard to foresee. . 3. 5 Flexibility A tricky basic achievement factor for the car business is the capacity to be adaptable. American vehicle purchasers may change their purchasing propensities rapidly in light of variables like the condition of the economy, the cost of fuel and new car innovations. It is fundamental that automakers stay mindful to these patterns and keep set up a framework that can adjust rapidly to make new items that meet the current and not so dis tant future needs of clients. 1. Industry Wide Strategic Issues 1. 4. 1 Globalization Hardly another wonder, globalization in the car business quickened during the 1980s when Japanese automakers made huge progress in infiltrating the U. S. showcase. Today, in any case, the pace of globalization has escalated and worldwide sourcing has gotten a serious goal. Simultaneously, car organizations see incredible potential in creating areas, for example, China and India as their purchaser markets rise. Just barely gotten by exceptional rivalry †progressively from new rivals in ease nations †just as industry overcapacity, high work costs in develop markets and client protection from cost increments, car organizations must build up supportable and adaptable cost structures, driving them to move worldwide sourcing to â€Å"low-cost† locales, Asia, specifically. What's more, as they build up ideal worldwide assembling capacities, car organizations likewise should refine their item improvement procedures to react to the requests of these developing markets. . 4. 2 Innovation with Limited Financial Resources Automotive organizations face another difficulty: how to keep up development when financi

The Lead Up to Gulf War II essays

The Lead Up to Gulf War II papers The United States needs to dispatch a pre-emptive assault on Iraq. The US asserts that Iraq has weapons of mass obliteration with expectations to utilize them against the US and its partners. There is developing suspicion about Americas claims and worldwide as hostile to war exhibits against any sort of military power against Iraq have occurred. The weapons reviewers from the UN are attempting to discover these weapons in Iraq regardless of the Iraqi governments asserts that they dont have anything they arent expected to have. The US has introduced generally fortuitous proof, for example, captured discussions between military pioneers in Iraq, and satellite photographs. In those blocked discussions, the individuals were looking at emptying ammo. The individuals werent looking at annihilating it of surrendering it for investigation. The US accepts that Iraq never deserted its weapons program. Numerous rockets that were left over from the Gulf war were unaccounted for wen Iraq discharged subtleties of the considerable number of weapons the nation has. Toward the beginning of September, a report from the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) bolstered the American contention that Saddam Hussein has never surrendered his mission for an atomic bomb. The IISS report recommends that Iraq could assemble a nuke inside months on the off chance that it could get enough plutonium of uranium. It additionally says that Iraq has had the option to keep together its researchers. Despite the fact that the innovation has been devastated by the Gulf War, the information despite everything exists. Be that as it may, many impediments are in Iraqs way on the off chance that it needs to have atomic weapons. Before the Gulf War, Iraq could have been near delivering enough uranium its weapons, however the war halted the work on it. Authorizations from the United Nations implies that Iraq no longer has the offices expected to make an atomic bomb. Likewise, Iraq would need to import assets to make the bomb without the world taking note. So as to manufacture... <!

Blog Archive Professor Profiles Joseph Stiglitz, Columbia Business School

Blog Archive Professor Profiles Joseph Stiglitz, Columbia Business School Many MBA applicants feel that they are purchasing a brand when choosing a business school, but the educational experience is what is crucial to your future, and no one will affect your education more than your professors. Each Wednesday, we profile a standout professor as identified by students. Today, we focus on  Joseph Stiglitz  from Columbia Business School. A 2001 winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics and a member of the National Academy of Science, Joseph Stiglitz  (“Globalization and Markets and the Changing Economic Landscape” [EMBA])  is executive director and founder of the Initiative for Policy Dialogue at Columbia University. Before joining the Columbia Business School (CBS) faculty in 2001, Stiglitz was chief economist for the World Bank (1997â€"2000) and a member of the U.S. Council of Economic Advisors under President William J. Clinton (1993â€"1997), serving as the council’s chairman from 1995 to 1997. Stiglitz is the creator of a branch of economics called “Economics of Information,” whose central conceptâ€"which examines how intuitions such as the stock market process and relate informationâ€"helped earn Stiglitz the Nobel Prize. He has authored a number of books, the most recent of which is entitled Freefall: America, Free Markets, and the Sinking of the World Economy (W.W. Norton Company, 2010). For more information on the defining characteristics of the MBA program at CBS or one of 15 other top business schools, please check out the  mbaMission Insider’s Guides. Share ThisTweet Columbia University (Columbia Business School) Professor Profiles

Difference Between Accuracy And Simplicity - 1539 Words

Humans have long since tried to be accurate in figuring out how the world works in the natural sciences, as well as their record keeping in history. How easy to understand, natural, simple, can achieving this accuracy in knowledge be? The trade-off between accuracy and simplicity differs from the natural sciences area of knowledge (AOK) where the trade-off is limited, and history where the trade-off is unavoidable in the use of accuracy over simplicity. The relationship between accuracy and simplicity in natural sciences are that they work together instead of against each other in a trade off. The way of knowing (WOK), language, is used for explaining things accurately in simple terms, while the WOK, reason, is used to think through things in simple ways and in trying to find the most efficient and logical solution to a problem. It is common for math and science to be perceived as complex subjects that require accuracy in data and numbers, as evidenced by the existence of the phrase, It’s not rocket science.† This phrase is used when talking about an activity or concept that is not difficult to understand, something that is not as complex as rocket science. However, there is simplicity in how the data in science is acquired and how it presents itself. Much of the data acquired in science is from calculations made from equations, which in turn are made as rules for relationships that are used over and over again, becomin g a template for future use. As such, most data isShow MoreRelatedNonverbal Communication And Non Verbal Communication1127 Words   |  5 Pagesevent that I find particularly mysterious. My fascination lies in that different messages can be communicated through the eyes alone. Whether we are talking about direct or indirect gaze, duration, direction or expression, the moment of eye contact between two people can serve to make a great connection or a disastrous one. This is of particular importance to me personally because I have tend to have an empathetic interest in people I meet and find that this form of non-verbal communication can addRead MoreThe Information Which Goes Into Financial Decision Making1231 Words   |  5 Pagesfurther than PP in answering question 2., and can be used to compare against other projects assisting in the answer to question 3. But it does not take into account the time value of money. Both this and PP are not discounted, giving them a level of simplicity. These methods are both suited to the early stages of the decision process: they show if the project is likely to make money. On short-term investments, it may be decided that this is all that is needed to make investment decisions but on longerRead MoreA Computational Asset Vulnerability Model For The Strategic Protection Of The Critical Infrastructure1485 Words   |  6 Pagesapproach. Looking into these related works, R. White, T. Boult and E. Chow notes that these approaches underscored the element of statistical analysis in protection assessment. The research council report also highlighted the challenge of complexity or simplicity of the models used. Therefore, the research by R. White, T. Boult and E. Chow was triggered by the flaws exposed by the Research Council Report. R. White, T. Boult and E. Chow propose an Asset Vulnerability Model (AVM) in this article. This modelRead More shotguns vs. rifles Essay example801 Words   |  4 PagesBoth the rifle and the shotgun are used for hunting, but the two have some major differences. 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It is true that there were economic and social disparities between the industrial North and rural South th at were not entirely defined by the issue of slavery. However, core versus perimeter economic tensions exist in most societies, and is surely not what caused the bloodiest war in American history. AdditionallyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Rip Van Winkle 1527 Words   |  7 Pagesthe mythological tradition as its thematic base. The obvious difference between â€Å"Rip Van Winkle† and an oral narrative like â€Å"Wohpe and the Gift of the Pipe† is the gratuitous and satirical preface, which claims that the narrative is characterized by â€Å"scrupulous accuracy† and must be read as an historical account with â€Å"unquestionable authority† (2154). These are the first nuances of sarcasm, alerting the reader to differences between Irving’s text and the explicitly historical documents of the PuritanRead MoreThe Integrated Circuit Using LM35 Temperature Sensor Temperature Sensing Method1533 Words   |  7 Pagesthermometers, gas thermometers, thermocouples, thermostats, thermostat etc. In this report the integrated circuit using LM35 temperature sensor temperature sensing method is described due to important advantage over other sensor types such as low cost, high accuracy, linear output signal, small size, calibration, reliability, and low power consumption. Literature review: Types of Temperature sensors: The most commonly used type of temperature sensors detects heat or temperature. These types of temperatureRead MoreResearch Methods And Methodology Of A Systematic And Rigorous Way1335 Words   |  6 Pageswould never expose. The qualitative and quantitative data was triangulated to provide a complete and contextualized view. Gray (2009) notes that triangulation may balance weaknesses in data. Cohen et al (2013) agrees that it provides validity and accuracy to the study. However, I am aware of the inherent bias within the design, and the variables which cannot be controlled within the groups. The groups were taught by different teachers with potentially different specialisms, they were in different

Research Study On Video Games Essay - 779 Words

A. SeX-Box: Exposure to Sexist Video Games Predicts Benevolent Sexism B. S. Paul Stermer and Melissa Burkley, Oklahoma State University C. Psychology of Popular Media Culture 2015, Volume 4, No. 1, 47-55 D. This research study sought to determine if choosing to play video games for long periods of time that contained high values of sexist content is associated with projecting sexist attitudes. It was hypothesized that men, rather than women who played video games regularly with high sexist content would be considered higher in benevolent sexism (not hostile) than men who played video games with low sexist content. E. Participants included, in total, 175 students from a large Mid-western university. Of the 175, 61 were male and 114 were female. The ages of participants ranged from 18 to 27. Within the group of participants; 81% were white, 5% were Native American, 5% were Hispanic, 5% were multiracial, 2% were Asian America, and 2% were African American. There wasn’t a significant difference between genders when relating to race. Participants were each asked to complete a set of questionnaires. The first section of questions was an adapted version of Anderson and Dill’s (2000) survey. The survey originally measured participant’s use of violent video games and through multiple studies has been proven to predict real world results. The survey was adjusted for video games containing sexist content, rather than violent content. Within the survey, participants were asked toShow MoreRelatedPsychology Research Study - Video Games and Violence Essay1932 Words   |  8 PagesA Care ful Analysis of a Research Study: Dr. Andersen’s Hypothesis The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical review of a recent study examining the effects of violent video games on aggressive behavior in young children. Let me first provide a brief summary of the study. (a) The hypothesis is that violent video games cause aggression in young children. 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Gregg Toppo of the Scientific American, writes in his article, â€Å"Do Video Games Inspire Violent BehaviorRead MoreEffects of Video Games on Teenage Life1442 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Video games are part of the lives of almost all teens in America, (Lenhart, Kahne, Middaugh, Macgill, Evans and Vitak). Therefore, it is important to understand what, if any, effects video games are having on teenage life. Because many video games contain violent content, imagery, and gameplay, much research on video games has focused on whether playing violent video games leads to violent or aggressive behavior in youth. There is a lot of conflicting evidence about the relationship between videoRead MoreBenefits Of Video Games1395 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Action video games, which are categorized by fighting, shooting, or platform-style games, have come to dominate the gaming industry in the 21st century. Both parents and politicians alike have accused action games for causing antisocial, violent and even addictive behavior in gamers. This fear over video games fueled early research efforts to prove that violent video games were as damaging as claims would suggest. Many studies claim to show an overall negative psychological effect onRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Levels Of Aggression1115 Words   |  5 PagesIn â€Å"The Effect of Online Violent Video games on Levels of Aggression† Jack Holligdale and Tobias Greitemeyer want to find out the effects video games have on aggression. Violent video games have previously been identified to be the most popular video games played by consumers. Research into the effect of violent video games on levels of aggression has led to concerns that they may pose a public health risk ( Holligdale Greitemeyer, 2014). 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Controversy finally got its chance in the 1990s, when games finally upgraded to 16-bit, giving them the ability to depict realistic blood and gore in games like Moral Kombat; which was criticized for excessive violence, a reason Congress used to create the EntertainmentRead MoreViolent Video Games and Their Impact on Children850 Words   |  3 PagesViolent Video Games and Their Impact on Children Outline Introduction A. Thesis: Although there are some reports of such games terribly impacting children, most research says that the violence in them is understood to be unrealistic, and thus not internalized and regurgitated back through increased aggressiveness in behavior. Reports Showing Violent Video Games Increase Aggression Exposure to violent video games has been lined to increases in aggression. Such reports have linked violent video

Eating Disorders; Anorexia Nervosa and Obesity in America

Eating Disorders; Anorexia Nervosa and Obesity in America In many other countries, living skinny enough to show bones means they live in poverty while having excessive weight shows individuals living in higher class society. In America, obese and anorexic are two body types that have been called diseases, in which they is very similar and different in many aspects. I do not approve of anorexia nervosa or obesity. I want my readers to understand the effects of these diseases and what they can cause. Obesity means living fat or overweight. Obesity is a cosmetic issue. It is also a chronic disease. Obesity leads to diabetes, cardiovascular, heart diseases, high blood pressure, and other chronic illnesses. Obesity is very difficult to†¦show more content†¦Most are portrayed as the general society. It is very rare that you find someone like Monique Parker who has public struggles with her weight. There is very few role models for women or men that’s nowhere near perfect. The unfortunate part of all of that is that the average, everyday person is not perfect. There are numerous ways that you can control your weight and to gain weight. Losing weight can be extremely hard and draining. I am an overweight female and I watch all types of television shows such as Dr.Oz and The Biggest Loser. Both inspires me to try to lose weight. Dr.Oz tells and shows people how to lose weight. Some tips are; plan your meals ahead of time, use meditation to help you cope with chronic stress, which can lead to eating excessively, eat foods with healthy fats such as olives, salmon and walnuts. The biggest loser will inspire you to exercise and to try to keep in shape. Walking, going to the gym, and using the weight machines or treadmills can help a great deal. Ways to gain weight would be to increase your calorie intake by eating energy dense foods that contain a high number of calories and nutrients. Add dips and toppings to your food. You can also use extra sauce for foods such as alfredo and spaghetti. Drinking beverages with calories. The most important w ay to gain weight and to lose weight would be to change your attitude about eating. Obesity and anorexia nervosa have a lot of negative effects on people. The bestShow MoreRelatedEating Disorders : Anorexia Nervosa And Bulimia Nervosa1303 Words   |  6 Pagesincreasing number of cases of eating disorders. According to a National Institute of Mental Health article (Eating Disorders, 2016), an eating disorder is an illness that causes physical disturbance to your everyday diet. A person who is stressed or concerned about their body weight is a sign that he or she might have an eating disorder. Out of all the eating disorders, the two most common are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder where people, who are underweightRead MoreEating Disorders : Social, Genetics, And Psychological1702 Words   |  7 Pagesof eating disorders. There are three main reasons for developing an eating disorder: social, genetics, and psychological. The society we live in brings many people to the belief that in order to obtain the perfect body we must put our own bodies through unhealthy habits which can lead to the harm of ourselves physically and mentally. In fact, â€Å"Every 62 minutes at least one person dies as a direct result from an eating disorder†(National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders.Eating)Read More Social Networkings Influence on Eating Disorders Essay1001 Words   |  5 Pagesand girls suffer from anorexia or bulimia in the United States (Steele). Anorexia and bulimia are very serious eating disorders. Many women and young girls feel that these disorders are the only way for them to be accepted by o thers. However the strive for acceptance only ends up causing pain, emotional harm, or death to those affected. Being a sufferer of anorexia, I know the emotional and physical damage this disease can cause. The root cause of having an eating disorder is still undetermined,Read MoreJocelyn Bennett. Mrs. Gallos. English 3 Honors. 6, April1741 Words   |  7 Pagesvictims of eating disorders. There are three main reasons for developing an eating disorder: social, genetics, and psychological. The society today brings many people to the belief that to obtain the perfect body they must put their bodies through unhealthy habits which can lead to the harm of themselves physically and mentally. In fact, â€Å"Every 62 minutes at least one person dies as a direct result from an eating disorder† (National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders Eating). EatingRead MoreEffects Of Anorexia Nervosa On Adolescents958 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica is a society obsessed with focusing on weight, as we should be since we have the highest obesity rates in the world. However, damaging things can occur from this obsession with maintaining the ideal weight and demanding to be thin. This is a crisis for adolescents especially since they are in a state of imaginary audience which causes them to be extremely self conscious (Beck, Myer). With the constant fear of being judged many will develop eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa. PsychologyRead MoreEating Disorders: A Life Threatening Mental Illness Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pagesaffected by eating disorders; of those 14 million Americans in the United States 200,000 live in Minnesota. According to the United States Census Bureau there are 5.4 million people living in Minnesota. Eating disorders are a big problem considering that 4 out of 100 people have an eating disorder, just in Minnesota. There are three main eating disorders: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating. Although doctors still don’t fully understand what causes eating disorders, the disorder can affectRead MoreEating Disorders And Body Image Issues1655 Words   |  7 PagesEating disorders: noun. A group of psychological ailments characterized by intense fear of becoming obese, distorted body image, and prolonged food refusal (anorexia nervosa) and/or binge eating followed by purging through induced vomiting, heavy exercise, or use of laxatives (bulimia nervosa).These ailments are not pretty. In this society, where only the fit and thin bodies are accepted and appreciated, eating disorders are more common than they should be. Children, starting at a young age, seeRead MoreEating Disorders Essay983 Words   |  4 PagesTabitha HernandezMrs. HammillBiologyJune 11th, 2012 Eating Disorders Eating disorders are a worldwide problem and effect the lives of many. Women are much more likely than men to develop an eating disorder. One of three women have eating disorders, most of these women began to have the eating disorder due to stress, depression, and anger. Eating disorders stem is often formed with problem with self image caused by the media. Eating disorders are complex conditions that arise from a combinationRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1573 Words   |  7 Pagesaffects people called an â€Å"eating disorder.† Why did you choose this topic? I chose this topic because it is a very prevalent issue in our society today, and a close friend of mine is suffering from an eating disorder. What question(s) did you want to answer or what was your hypothesis regarding this topic? As mammals, there is no chance of escaping the need to consume food in everyday life. However, when it comes to food there can be a major concern of eating too much or eating too little. Doing eitherRead MoreBody Imaging Has A Negative Effect On Society1716 Words   |  7 Pagesaren’t pretty and no one will like them. Girls feel pressured by society to have ‘perfect’ bodies, this encourages bad eating habits (Schulten). This affects how thousands of girls see themselves and how they feel about their body. Body imaging has a huge negative effect on society. Although, some may argue that body imaging has a positive effect on girls because it prevents obesity, body imaging is actually a dangerous aspect of the media. Body imaging makes girls think they have to look like girls

Pepsis Strategy in Entering India free essay sample

Ð ¡o had been trying to enter the Indian market for quite some time with no success. In 1988 Pepsi received a letter from George Fernandes, the General Secretary of one of the countrys leading political parties, Janata Dal. He wrote, I learned that you are coming here. I am the one that threw Coca-Cola out, and we are soon going to come back into the government. If you come into the country, you have to remember that the same fate awaits you as Coca-Cola. This scared PepsiCo a bit knowing that their rival was forced to leave the country in 1977 after the Janata Dal came to power. PepsiCo had to think of a way to get in without facing the same consequences Coca-Cola had to face. In May 1985, PepsiCo joined with one of Indias leading business houses, the R P Goenka (RPG) group, to begin operations in the India. The company, along with the RPG group company Agro Product Export Ltd. We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsis Strategy in Entering India or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page , planned to import the cola concentrate and sell soft drinks under the Pepsi label. PepsiCos decision linked its entry with the development and welfare of the state was aimed at winning the government over. The fact that Punjab boasted a healthy agricultural sector played a role in PepsiCos decision. PepsiCo claimed that it would play a central role in bringing about an agricultural revolution in the state and would create many employment opportunities. It promised to create 50,000 jobs in the nation. Pepsi began by setting up a fruit and vegetable processing plants at Zahura village in Punjabs Hoshiarpur district. The plant then was focused on processing tomatoes to make tomato paste. Pepsi had a tough time convincing farmers to work for the company. Its experts from the US had to interact extensively with the farmers to explain how they could benefit from working with the company.

Mall Of America Essays (250 words) - The Mall Luton, Mall Of America

Mall Of America David Gutersons narrative about the Mall of America delves into several facets that are embedded throughout the mall both physically and mentally. A vivid description about the malls interior design makes the audience feel like they have visited the mall. Guterson also writes about how people, individually and as a society, are effected psychologically by this pseudo-metropolis. The grandeur of the mall is, without question, second to none. Shoppers are drawn to visit because of all the modern frills contained within. A theme park, arcade, hundreds of shops, and eateries are the staples of the mall, but the gardens, flowers, and trees define the mall as being the best of the best. The atmosphere created by combining Mother Earth with twentieth century technology creates a certain mystique to the mall and gives the shopper a very comfortable place to spend the day or maybe even days. In true American nature, record amounts of money were spent on building the mall, and some workers employed by the mall are or were underpaid. However, Americans thirst for a place they can go to escape from their everyday problems. Our nature is to be materialistic at times, and I really do not see a major problem with indulging ourselves every now and again, but I find a problem when material things are used to determine success, power, and self worth. The Mall of America truly represents America as a society but not as individuals. Sociology

yehaw essays

yehaw essays When reading an Ernest Hemingway novel, one must try very hard to focus on the joy and encouragement found in the work. For Whom the Bell Tolls is full of love and beauty, but is so greatly overshadowed by this lingering feeling of dooma feeling that does not let you enjoy reading, for you are always waiting for the let down, a chance for human nature to go horribly awry. This feeling is broken up into three specific areas. In Ernest Hemingway's novel, For Whom the Bell Tolls, humanity is exploited through brutal violence, unnecessary courage, and hopeless futility. Hemingway has the uncanny gift of imagery, and he possesses a brilliant mastery of the English language. He is adept at manipulating words and weaving complex sentences; furthermore, "Meticulous description takes its place...For Hemingway...description is definition." (Tanner 228) All of this genius can show the ultimate beauty and grace of existence, but the flipside to that is the same devices used to show all of the wo nder and greatness in life can also be used to show to many hardships and painful truths we must endure, such as violence and gory injustices: Then some one hit the drunkard a great blow alongside the head with a flail and he fell back, and lying on the ground, he looked up at the man who had hit him and then shut his eyes and crossed his hands on his chest, and lay there beside Don Anastasio as though he were asleep. The man did not hit him again and he lay there and he was still there when they picked up Don Anastasio and put him with the others in the cart that hauled them all over to the cliff where they were thrown over that evening with the others after there had been a cleaning up in the Ayuntamiento. (Hemingway 126). The mob-violence that is portrayed in that passage is one inspired by ignorance, weak wills, and alcohol. All through Pilar and Robert Jordans flashbacks, one cannot help but be overwhelmed with feelings of disgust t...

Financial reporting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial reporting - Assignment Example rganization is not to simply promote its very own business and increase the ultimate goal of profit figures but, on the other hand, these organization also acknowledges their secondary responsibility towards its society people and environmental affects. The primary purpose of conducting various CSER activities by Company is the clear acknowledgement on the part of the Company that they do care about its society, their peoples, and environment and therefore, is consistently working on the promotion of various subjects of the society including, literature, sports, health, safety and others. CSER involve in incurring some short-term expenses and costs for the organization that do not also provide an instant financial benefit to the business, but instead it provides some qualitative return to the business in the long run. The activities of CSER widely promote many positive and beneficial transformations into the society and environment, in which the organization is performing their operations. With the help of CSER report, the ultimate aim of the business is to signify towards the society that they are the organization which have strict regulations and controls over the various business evils, including, Frauds, Bribery, Political influences and gifts, conflict of interests, compromise of independence issues, tax evasion, unethical business practice, unfair competitive activities, lack of confidentiality of business information and acumen, harassment of human rights and values, discrimination and many others, depending on the structure and needs of the organization. Through, CSER, business organization also wants demonstrate they strictly follow health and safety measures, its code of conduct, regulatory guidelines and are continually striving for improvement in order to accrue lesser and lesser damage to physical environment and nature. ABF Plc’s Corporate Responsibility Report clearly demonstrates that how much importance they are actually giving to the area

The extinction of Chinese Sturgeons Research Paper

The extinction of Chinese Sturgeons - Research Paper Example This is considered the longest migration of up to 3200kms up the Yangtze River (Meadows). Although the females can carry an excess of a million eggs in one cycle, their reproductive capacity in each cycle is very poor. They breed only three to four times in their lifetime with a survival rate to hatching at only 1% (Zhuang). As earlier stated the Chinese sturgeon is largely dispersed along the main streams of the Yangtze River and the coastal areas of Qiantang, Minjiang and also the Pearl River. The Chinese sturgeons feed on most aquatic animals for example the aquatic insects, larvae, diatoms and the humic substances. The Chinese sturgeon is highly sensitive to increased noise on the river which is caused by the growing river traffic and are generally vulnerable to death and injury by boat propellers (Chen). The Chinese sturgeon has a habit of upstream migration; they migrate up rivers for reproduction once they reach sexual maturity. Most of the sturgeons will spawn in the fresh waters and then migrate to the salt waters to mature and breed their young. The primitive nature of the Chinese sturgeon sets it apart as a great academic interest in taxonomy and biology. It is for this reason that the Chinese government has devised ways to breed and preserve this endangered species. It is classified as China’s most protected Animals. In 1982 the Chinese Government built a Museum in the Chinese sturgeon institution which is used for artificial breeding procedures to try and preserve the endangered Chinese sturgeon, The Chinese Sturgeon Museum is located in a small island known as Xiaoxita in the Huangbo River within the district of Yiling. This reserve is one of Chinas several conservation programs that is geared towards the preservation of this endangered species (Birstein V). To also reduce the threats against the Chinese sturgeons, the Government of china took the initiative of closing commercial fishing since the year

The Host Of Community Perception Towards Tourism Development Tourism Essay

The Host Of Community Perception Towards Tourism Development Tourism Essay Over the past few years, Grand-Baie witnessed an increase in tourism development and the number of international tourists. Though tourism development plays an important role in enhancing economies, tourism development may conflict with the regions conservative traditions and culture. The purpose of this research is to identify the attitudes and perceptions of residents of Grand Baie towards tourism development based on socio-cultural aspect by: (1) applying Ap Cromptons (1998), (2) measuring social or cultural environments, and the residents acceptance of visitors, (3) by identifying resident attitudes based upon demographic factor. Respondents were selected using a random sampling technique to complete a survey instrument. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, independent t-tests and One way Annova were used to describe data and to better understand resident attitudes. Survey findings reveal that resident attitudes differed according to respondents age, length of residence, and ethnicity, particularly with respect to perceptions of change in local services and natural environment. Acknowledgements A project of this magnitude is not an individual endeavor. Consequently, I dedicate this mini dissertation to the many individuals who provided support, encouragement and assistance for its realization. A very special gratitude goes to my team members, Mr. Shaktisham Soobhow and Miss Anousha Keetaruth for their support and input. I would also like to thank my lecturer, Associate Professor Ramesh Durbarry, Head of School of Sustainable Development and Tourism , for his helpful input and guidance which helped me every step of the way and enabled me to fulfill my assignment requirements Last but not the least; we are grateful to our parents and friends for their support and understanding and also the team working at the Resource Centre of University of Technology for extending their help. Table of content List of tables Table 3.1: Types of Dataà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ 16 Table 4.1 Respondent Profile Table: 4.2 Host Community Perception based on a Socio-Cultural Aspect Table 4.3: One Way Anova Table: 4.4 One Way Anova Table 4.5 Host Community Perception Towards a Positive Socio-Cultural impact INTRODUCTION 1.0 Tourism in Mauritius Mauritius has become a well known tourism destination the world over with arrivals rising from 103,000 in 1977 to 915,000 in 2010 for the first trimester. Since the mid 1990s Mauritius more precisely the northern part of the island has experienced a remarkable growth in tourist numbers with international arrivals doubling. It is estimated that this trend is having a significant impact upon host communities in Grand-Baie. Given the fact that tourism development can flourish in an area only with the support of the host community, it is thought that the perception of the host community toward tourism development and impacts serve as crucially important inputs in identifying the strategic and managerial priorities of the tourism sector. The host community remains one of the most important tools for the promotion and continuous development of the tourism industry in Mauritius. Tourists have direct and constant contacts with the host community and it is the attitude of the host that will determine whether tourism development can be implemented or whether it is successful. Without the host community participation, any tourism development that will be implemented will not be a flourishing one. 1.1 Problem Statement It is very important to explore host community perception towards tourism because tourists have direct and constant contact with host community. Besides, the measurement of the host communitys perceptions of tourism development plays a vital role in the future success of a destination (Sheldon and Abenoja, 2001). The benefits received from tourism development may not always be plausible if the negative impacts, such as crime and traffic congestion, outweigh the economic benefits (Chen, 2000). hosts perceptions toward tourism development are critical to sustain the growth of community tourism businesses. If the level of hosts loyalty to tourism development is high, the potential conflicts between hosts and tourism establishments should be avoided. Host perception towards tourism development in Grand-Baie Mauritius is a very crucial because the tourism industry there is growing at a rapid pace with the development in that region. Since hosts are there to stay, as such their perception are fundamental to the smooth pace of tourism development. 1.2 Objectives of the Study The aim of the study is to analyse host community perceptions on the tourism development based on socio-cultural in the region of Grand-Baie in Mauritius. Therefore, the objectives of the study are to analyse the different components of host community perceptions towards tourism development based on Socio-cultural aspects; Evaluate the socio-cultural impacts of tourism development on host community Measure the demographic perception of the Host Community on the tourism development. 2.0 Literature review 2.0 Introduction Tourism is a product that relies totally upon simultaneous production and consumption. The implication of this for the destinations host community is that it will come into contact with an alien population during the production process. This contact can be beneficial or detrimental to the host community depending upon the difference in cultures and the nature of the contact. Tourism can develop and grow when host community has a positive attitude toward it and when they see their role in the process of the tourism development. At the point when a tourism destination is born, the quality if the life of the local hosts goes through radical changes, which are not necessarily negative. Literature suggests that tourism development has created both positive and negative impacts on host communities. The most complex problems that accompany tourism development, reside in the relationship between local host and tourist. Furthermore, there are limits of tourism growth that are closely associated with the place capacity and with the quality of life in the local community. The most complex problems that accompany tourism development, reside in the relationship between tourists and local host and also the impacts on their society and culutre. 2.1 Tourism Development Tourism development is an expression that encompasses not only destinations, origins, motivations and impacts, but also the complex linkage that exist between all the people and institutions of that interconnecting, global supply and demand system ( Pearce, 1989). In general, tourism development within a host community often impacts the community both in negative and positive ways. Residents attitudes will be positive if they can use tourism resources such as recreational facilities or if they perceive that tourism development will protect or preserve the environment ( Lankford et al, 2003). Conversely attitudes towards tourism were found to be negative if residents perceived the impacts as negative, or if the resources within a host community diminish as a result of tourist activity ( Lankford et al.,2003; Perdue et al., 1990). The host community perception toward tourism will be affected due to impacts. 2.3 Host community According to Sherlock (1999), it is difficult to define the term community precisely; nevertheless, the word can be used to refer to a group of people who exist in one particular location. Aramberri (2001) suggests that host societies are in fact communities, made of one piece. For Williams and Lawson (2001) community is defined as a group of people who share common goals or opinions. Host Community is particular is defined by Mathieson and Wall (1982) as the Inhabitants of the destination area. Similarly, Swarbrooke (1999) defines it as all those who live within a tourist destination.. In the light of the previous definition, it can be concluded that a host community consists of all those people in the destination, whether they are homogeneous or heterogeneous and regardless of whether the impacts of tourism are beneficial or otherwise.. However, the host is community is often the last to be notified of tourism development (Thyne and Lawson,2001) and quite often they are not given a chance or encouraged to give their opinioin on tourism issues. 2.4 Relationship Between Host Community and Guest A good relationship between local hosts and tourist is essential for the long term development of tourism destination. ( Ap and Crompton, 1998). The relationship between host community and tourists is mainly affected by the socio-cultural impacts that are caused due to tourism development (Smith, 1995). Smith (1989) conclude that contacts between tourist and host community if different cultural background take the form of direct face to face encounters between tourists and host of different cultural groups. The interaction between hosts and international guests raises another issue linked to cultural tolerance. As argued by Bochner (1982), the mutual understanding between cultures can create an opportunity for acquaintance leading towards enhanced understanding and tolerance and, consequently, reduce prejudice, conflict and tension between hosts and tourists. This type of contact is experienced by tourists when they travel from home culture to a host culture by hosts when they serve tourists from a foreign culture. That is, both tourist and the host community participate in exploring each others culture. 2.4.1 Doxeys Irridex Model In 1975, Doxey devised a theoretical model in which it states that an increase in numbers of tourists and a more developed tourism industry at the destination results in irritation in the host community. In this case the perception of host community vary from euphoria ( a feeling of happiness or comfort) to apathy when locals start losing interest in tourism; to annoyance after the number of tourists and the unfavorable impacts have increased ; and finally antagonism ( a generation of hostile reactions against tourism) (Cordero 2008). Although Doxeys model is a useful approach towards identifying the four stages of tourism evolution at a destination, it has been criticized for its limitation by Wall and Mathieson (2006) because it is a unidirectional model intended to represent the entire nature of the host community. 2.5 Host community perception towards tourism development Research has been conducted for the convenience of tourists, while local community perceptions and attitudes towards the industry have been given less of a priority (Murphy 1985). Butler (1980) claimed that there is a correlation between the development of tourism and the attitude of the domestic people towards the tourists. Positive attitude is gradually replaced by the negative attitude as the time passes. Studying host community attitudes and the antecedents of resident reaction can help both residents and planners (Williams and Lawson 2001).Williams and Lawson argued that it was possible to select those developments that can minimize negative impacts and maximize support for the industry. By doing so, on one hand the quality of life of residents can be maintained or enhanced; and, on the other hand, the negative impacts of tourism in the community will be reduced. 2.6 Tourism Impacts Researchers in the early years of the twenty first century list an impressive range of both positive and negative impacts on the host community as a result of tourism development (Fredline and Faulkner, 2000; Upchurch and Teivane, 2000; Gursoy et al., 2002; Besculides et al., 2002). The study of impacts from tourism on local communities takes in a range of literature that includes both the positive and negative effects of hosting tourists to a community. However, researchers agree that a necessary condition of successful tourism development strategy is the inclusion of residents of the entire community if tourism investment is to yield substantial returns (Allen et al., 1988, 1993; Jurowski Uysal, 1997; Long et al ., 1990; Snepenger Johnson, 1991). 2.6.1 Socio-cultural Impacts Tourism is a socio-cultural event for both the guest and host (Murphy, 1985) and the contact between host and tourists can be beneficial or detrimental to the host community depending upon the difference in cultures and the nature of the contact .Tourism development also affects the social, cultural and environmental aspects within a destination. Socio-cultural impacts are concerned with the ways in which tourism is contributing to changes in value systems, individual behaviour, family relationships, collective lifestyles, moral conduct, creative expressions, traditional ceremonies and community organization (Pizam Milman, 1984, cited in Haralambopoulos Pizam, 1996, p.503). Tourism development increases and promotes cultural exchange between tourists and residents. Tourism can also be a force to preserve and revitalize the cultural identity and traditional practices of host communities and act as a source of income to protect heritage sites (Easterling, 2004). However, the cultural changes caused by tourism threatens to destroy traditional cultures and societies (Brunt Courtney 199, p 495) and to others it represented an opportunity for peace, understanding and greater knowledge (Brunt Courtney 1999, p.495). 2.7 Factors Influencing Host community perception towards tourism development To understand the antecedents of host communities perception towards tourism development, extensive literature has attempted to examine the influences of socio-demographics on attitudes, such gender ( Ritchie 1988; Weaver Lawton 2001), age (Brougham Butler 1981; Fredline Faulkner 2000; Madrigal 1995; weaver Lawton 2001), length of residency ( Allen et al 1988), Education ( Weaver Lawton 2001). Those tested variables are classified as the intrinsic dimension which includes residents demographic attributes. 2.7.1 Demographic Factors The use of socioeconomic factors (Harill, 2004) like income, ethnicity and length of residency to explain host community perception has been widely used. These variables are included simply as standard point of survey instrument. 2.7.2 Gender Regarding gender, it was found that woman were more opposed to tourism development than men due to perceived negative impacts, such as increase in traffic, noise and crime although acknowledging positive benefits, including community facilities and regional economic benefits. In a study in California, (Harrill and Potts, 2003) also found gender to be a significant predictor of tourisms perceived economic benefits, with more women than men negatively disposed toward tourism development. 2.7.3 Education It was found that more educated people having more positive views of tourism (Weaver, 2001). Hosts who have a tourism education background were more in favor of tourism because of the economic and social improvements. In the context of Samos, Greece Haralambopoulos and Pizam (1996) indicated that well-educated people were more correlated with positive tourism attitudes. 2.7.4 Age Age has also been explored as a factor in host community perception toward tourism development and received more attention as the baby boomers retire and seek tourist destination in which to work and have vacation. Older hosts are generally as favourably inclined toward tourism development as young resident (Tomljenovic and Faulkner, 1999). In addition, older hosts are more tolerant of international tourists and less concerned about tourisms adverse environmental impacts. However, a study of Kusadasi, Turkey revealed that older hosts had more negative perceptions than youngsters. 2.7.5 Length of Residency Length of residency (Girard and Gartner, 1993) found that for those host who has a second home in the tourism development community appreciate the availability of goods and services from increased tourism, but long term host community who stay permanently in the community do not want to see any increased in tourism development. Thus, long term host had a less favorable perception of tourism than did short term hosts. 2.8 Summary This chapter provided reviews of literature relevant to the present study. The review provided the basis of the entire research design. Furthermore, the review results would be brought into the Discussion chapter to compare the findings of the present study with the existing literature. 3. Methodology 3.0 Introduction This chapter provides the methodology of the survey envisaged on host community perception towards tourism development based on socio-cultural aspect. In this vein, it represents the crux of the study. It offers a framework about how the research was carried out and elaborates on the questionnaire design and enumerates several limitations pertaining to the survey. 3.1 Research Design For this research both primary and secondary data were used. Table 3.1: Types of Data Primary Research Secondary Research Questionnaire Books Academic Journals The research method used to collect and analyse the primary data was based upon a quantitative approach. This is so because it made it possible for the respondent that is the host community to express their feeling and perception towards tourism development. For this purpose, a questionnaire was designed and distributed to the targeted population. 3.2 Sampling Frame This study was conducted in the Northern region of Mauritius that is in Grand-Baie which is one of the major tourist destinations. As such, the targeted population for this study comprised of hosts community of Grand-Baie. This is so because tourism development in Grand-Baie has reached the maturity stage (Butler Destination Life Cycle). There is a high concentration of tourism development in this northern village compare to the other region. 60 questionnaires were used for the survey. 3.3 Questionnaire Design The questionnaire was prepared following a review of existing literature dealing with hosts perception toward tourism development based on socio-cultural aspect. For this particular study, the scales from Ap and Crompton (1998) as well as Lankford and Howard (1994) were adopted and modified. An interviewee completed questionnaire was designed and it consists of 38 questions. The questionnaire was categorized into section A, B and C, where A and B were measured using likert Scale and C the respondent profile background. (Refer to Appendix A) 3.4 Hypothesis Testing The following hypotheses were tested: H1: Tourism Development has an impact on Socio-Cultural aspect H2: Residents Perception towards cooperation between local people and tourism development differs across gender and level of education. H3: the level of hostility towards tourists differs across length of residency and occupation. 3.5 Pilot Survey To judge the validity of the questionnaire a pilot survey of 10 questionnaires were undertaken with host community to check whether there is a proper and broad flow of questioning. The number of questions were reduced and also the rephrasing of sentence. 3.6 Data Collection An informal interview was chosen as a method of data collection with the host community. Questionnaires were distributed door to door using a random sampling procedure. Interviews were conducted during the day so as to obtain a more representative sample within households. during the week day. The overall data collection lasted for 1 day, with a total of 53 questionnaires completed, which result in 88.33% response rate. 3.7 Data Analysis A number of statistical procedures were carried out for this study using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. The socio-demographic factors like education, occupation, level of education and gender were used as independent variables and the 32 Likert scale statements as the dependent variables. One-way ANOVA and descriptive analysis were used. 3.8 Limitation of Study Normally, no survey can experience a perfect evolution. Similarly, the present one had to undergo certain constraints and was subject to various limitations as exhibited below. Host people were busy working. They didnt want to expressed themselves as they felt embarrassed 3.9 Conclusion This chapter provides a thorough explanation of how data was collected, processed and analysed for the methods of data collection. It gives further details on the purpose of the research and describes how the questionnaire was designed. Lastly, the sampling frame as well as the limitations of the research was discussed. 4. Results and Findings 4.0 Introduction This chapter discusses the findings of the questionnaire survey. It not only deals with the individual analysis of each question, but also compares one question in relation to others and tries to establish a link between the results found. 4.1 Profile of the Respondents Demographic information about the respondents is provided in Table 4.1. Males account for a larger share of the respondents, which is 50%, following 38% for female. More respondents were married, with a percentage of 53.33, and 28.33% were single. The majority, 35.33% were employed or working in the tourism sector, 23.33%. Most of the respondents of Grand-Baie work in hotels nearby their house but also many of them worked for themselves. More than one half of the respondents, 65.33%, lived in Grand-Baie for more than 15 years. Around 52.33% reported that they have studied till School Certificate . Table 4.1 Respondent Profile Number % Gender Male 30 50 Female 23 38.33 Marital Status Married 32 53.33 Single 17 28.33 Divorced 2 3.33 Widowed 2 3.33 Occupation Student 5 8.33 Employed 21 35.33 Retired 1 2.33 Own Business 12 20.33 Tourism Sector 14 23.33 Education CPE 8 13.33 SC 31 52.33 HSC 10 17.33 Undergraduate 3 5.33 Graduate 1 2.33 Length of Residency Less than 5 years 2 3.33 5-10 11 18.33 11-15 1 2.33 More than 15 years 39 65.33 Total questionnaire 53 88.33 4.2 Host community perception based on a Socio-Cultural Aspect Table 4.2 illustrates the overall results of the descriptive analysis of section A and B of the questionnaire, which in turn show that there is a significant variation (according to the Mean and SD values) between the perceptions of the respondents towards socio-cultural aspect according to the degree of exposure. The domestic people show a very positive attitude towards the increasing number of tourists in the region at the beginning because they have high expectations from the tourist in long term basis. Furthermore, from the table itself, the mean is ranged from 4.81 to 2.57. Demonstrating that the host community highly accepts the presence of tourists in their area although the level of tourist has increased for the recent years. The results clearly shows that the presence of tourist in Grand-Baie help for the conservation of prestigious monument and also the awareness of the culture. The host community of Grand-Baie stated that their tradition are not being affected at all, as shown in the statement 5. The analysis shows that the tourism development does not make enough effort for the tourist to be aware of the host community culture. Moreover, another reason why the host community perception is low is that the tourism development is much more profit making. Table: 4.2 Host Community Perception based on a Socio-Cultural Aspect Factors N Mean Std. Deviation 1A Residents accept the presence of tourists 53 4.81 0.441 2 There is awareness and recognition of the culture and heritage 53 4.28 0.744 3 Historical buildings are restored and protected 53 3.89 1.155 4 There is cooperation between local people and tourism development 53 3.96 1.270 5 Traditions of the local is affected 53 2.91 1.458 6 Local people changes their way of living 53 3.47 1.422 7 There is a variety of entertainment in the community 53 3.49 1.120 8 Tourism increases the level of education in Grand-Baie 53 3.60 1.166 9 Tourism encourages some immoral behavior of some people of the locality 53 2.57 1.352 10 Earnings from tourism lure children in your community to leave school at an early age 53 2.75 1.580 11 Tourism is the reason of some younger`s misbehavior 53 2.98 1.337 12 Tourist make the effort to understand your culture and society 53 4.28 0.632 13 Tourism development give the opportunity to put your culture on display 53 3.89 1.050 14B Do you welcome the fact that tourist comes in your region 53 4.70 0.696 15 Is tourism only a way of profit making or much more 53 4.36 1.058 16 Due to the number increasing number of tourist arrival in your region can you still support the impacts 53 3.34 1.159 17 Do you feel that there is a feeling of hostility towards tourist due to those impacts by the local community actually 53 3.28 1.215 4.3 There is cooperation between local people and tourism development Table 4.3 shows the p-value as well as the F value obtained through an ANOVA analysis for both the Gender and Education Level. This analysis shows that there is a difference in the level of perception that varies according to the gender since the p-value is less than 0.05 (= 0.017) which confirms the statement that there is a difference in the level of perception between male and female. In order, to determine where the difference lays a Tukey Test was carried out (Refer to Appendix B). According to the Post Hoc Test Table (Appendix B), where men disagree with the fact that there is cooperation between local people and tourism development, we found that women strongly agree with the perception that there is cooperation between local people and tourism development which is contrary to what Harill and Potts, (2003) study found. This is so because the p=value is less than 0.05 (= 0.045). The reasons for the level of perception between male and female may vary for different reasons. First of all, Female may view tourism development in a more positively way as with tourism development many women may find it beneficial for them because they are able to find a job easily or benefit indirectly with small businesses such as craft. However, the perception do not differs across Education since the p-value is greater than 0.05 (= 0.741). This can conclude that irrespective of the level of education the level of perception is the same. According to the study of Weaver (2001) which states that the educated people mainly those who have a tourism education background are in favor of tourism development. However, the study made in Grand-Baie demonstrates that the level of education of host community do not has an impact on the level of perception. The reason for this may be because whether a host community is educated or not he or she may find employment due to the tourism development taking place in his locality. Table 4.3 : One Way Anova Factor Item Demographic Variable F Sig There is cooperation between local people and tourism development Gender 3.327 0.017 Education 0.493 0.741 4.4 There is a feeling of hostility towards tourist due to those impacts Table 4.4 shows the p-value as well as the F value obtained through an ANOVA analysis for both the Length of Residency and Occupation. This shows that there is a difference in the level of perception that varies according to the length of residency of the host in Grand-Baie since the p-value is less than 0.05 (= 0.031). In other words which mean that there is a difference in the level of perception of those living in the region of Grand- Baie. In order to determine where the difference lies a Tukey Test was carried out (Refer to Appendix B). Referring to the Post Hoc Test Table (Appendix B), where those living in Grand-Baie whether living over there for a long time or short time, it has been found that they do not express a feeling of hostility vis-à  -vis the tourist due to the impacts that tourism industry in the region brings in. This is so because the p=value is less than 0.05 (= 0.016). However, the perception do not differs across Occupation since the p-value is greater than 0.05 (= 0.952). This can conclude that irrespective of the work being done by the host community, the level of perception is the same. In other words, this demonstrates that the level of Occupation do not has an impact upon the perception of host community. Reason why it is so is because whether they are employed or unemployed or working in the tourism sector, the host find tourism as beneficial for them directly or indirectly. Table: 4.4 One Way Anova Factor Item Demographic Variable F Sig There is a feeling of hostility towards tourist due to those impacts Length of Residency 2.909 0.031 Occupation 0.171 0.952 4.5 Host Community Perception towards a Positive Socio-Cultural Impact Table 4.5 illustrates the different perception of the host community towards the different aspect. The host community of Grand-Baie has a relatively high positive perception towards the presence of tourist in the region as it benefit from different point of view. This is so because the tourist make an effort to learn the culture of the host community and a

Anxiety in Post Open-Heart Patients Essay -- Health, Diseases, Theorie

Concept analysis of Anxiety For many decades nursing has been developing tools to assist with development of theoretical and conceptual bases. Concept analysis has been identified by Walker and Avant (2005) as encouraging communication within the discipline it is being research in. Walker and Avant (2005) also point out that â€Å"the results of the concept analysis, the operational definition, the antecedents, and the defining attributes can provide scientists with an excellent beginning for a new tool or an excellent way to evaluate an old one† (p.64). Walker and Avant (2005) based their process on a â€Å"simplified† version of Wilson’s (1963) concept analysis procedure whereby there were 11 steps. Walker and Avant (2005) have condensed this process to 8 steps. For this particular concept analysis this is the process that will be used. The current nursing diagnosis â€Å"anxiety† will be used in this study as set forth by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association. Selection of the Concept Within Walker and Avant (2005) the selection of a concept is the first step with concept analysis. With selection of a concept choice is important as it relates to the research within the area of interest. The concept needs to build on the phenomenon of concern within the discipline. With this in mind the concept of â€Å"anxiety† is in need of being examined as it relates to the post open-heart population. A tool is needed to identify anxiety associated specifically with the post open-heart patient in mind. Moreover anxiety has been scientifically researched and is in need of careful analysis for this population (Anjali & Ulrich, 2007; Akansel & Kaymaki, 2007; Christensen, 2007). The tool proposed is the Subjective Unit Discomfort Scale (Wolp... ...d pressure, heart rate or respirations as well as light-headedness and dizziness. Table 1 Empirical Referents of Anxiety Physiological Parasympathetic_ _________________Sympathetic________________ Nausea Increased blood pressure Dry mouth Diarrhea Increased pulse Headaches Frequent urination Increased respirations Restlessness Dizziness Perspiration Pacing Light-headedness Flushing Pupil dilation Dyspnea Insomnia/nightmares Behavioral_________ Expressions of helplessness Preoccupation Feelings of inadequacy Rumination Crying Inability to problem-solve Difficulty concentrating Trembling Conclusion The information derived from this concept analysis will be used to develop an instrument to further the validation of environmental noise in post open-heart patients in the acute care setting.

Photography Merge Into Art Essay

Photography is traditionally regarded positioned at the lightweight end of photographic practice and on the fringe of a true art-form. â€Å"Its close relationship to the economic imperatives of turnover makes the art photograph the transitory image par excellence. † However photography has emerged as a ubiquitous representational form, â€Å"with us from sunrise to sunset, in the privacy of our homes and on public streets, in a format we can hold in our hands and one that towers over us on billboards the size of buildings. Early criticisms of Photography as an art form described the new technique as one that directly reproduced reality. â€Å"However, the disparity between the photographic record and perceptual experience reveals the artistic, political, and representational potential of Photography. The photographic image maintains a privileged place in the pantheon of visual consumption. † The argument is ever present that the entire history of photography has been the chronology of a medium at the secondary border of art. Nineteenth-century amateur photographic societies and photography journals were arenas for protracted debates between those committed to Photography’s status. As a scientific recording tool and those determined to establish Photography as a fine-art form, the opportunity existed for accomplishment and establishment. Certainly gender and sexuality have been implicated in art Photography since the early twentieth century. But during the 1970s there was a marked shift of emphasis in the way that the female body was represented as a fetishistic object of desire in the work of photographers like Helmut Newton, Guy Bourdin, Chris von Wangenheim and Deborah Turbeville. The long struggle to establish photography as a legitimate art form still continues today. There is a clear and obvious tendency of the art establishment to exclude and to narrowly restrict the boundaries of admissible photographic art. The established arts have all contributed to the formation of peripheral spheres of photo activity on the margins of art. † Many questions from the audience addressed the impact of digital technology on the art: of photography yet, the unstated. Understanding that they were, indeed, discussing photography as â€Å"art† spoke directly of the philosophy of Stieglitz, a philosophy that served as the driving force of his life’s work. The collection brought the symposium into perspective, confi rming the power and beauty of Stieglitz’s photography, as it reinvestigated his reputation. The exquisite print quality and the inclusion of various versions of well-known photographs expanded the viewer’s experience of the work. A beautiful photogravure print on tissue of The Steerage (1915) is unparalleled in its beauty and the extensive collection of the â€Å"Equivalens† (1923-31) series brings to mind the collected haystacks of Claude Monet. The collection spans Stieglitz’s career, offering the viewer an unprecedented opportunity to contemplate his development as an artist while recognizing the Modernist elements of his work. Art Venues and Exhibition Halls, Suitable? Photography is entering into the commercial galleries and, most recently, the art business is a growing source of economic aid for the arts. The burgeoning crossover between the worlds of art and art is increasingly apparent – contemporary work is instill with concerns about gender identity, Since the beginning of the â€Å"contemporary age,† there have been countless major photography exhibitions at New York City’s Guggenheim Museum alone, as well as other international events that interweave art and art. The work and philosophy of Alfred Stieglitz is experiencing a: resurgence of interest. The recent retrospective of Stieglitzs gallery exhibitions at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D. C. , â€Å"Modern Art and America: Alfred Stieglitz and his New York Galleries,† reinforces his pivotal position as the â€Å"champion† of American modern art. â€Å"But this view of Stieglitz, more myth than man, has always loomed above his personal work and consequently the work’s relevance to the development of a modern aesthetic. The question is– what does a century Told Modernist like Stieglitz have to say to a post postmodern America? † Researchers demonstrated that in contemporary Western contexts, allusions to other influences, i. e. Africa, through adornments and images such as those found in colonial-era postcards and photography still carry the weight of colonization and its aftermath. Hence some of the profound work in Hine and Sekula. The African body has for centuries been an object of much fascination to Western observers, who framed it to fuel many misconceptions about the continent’s peoples and cultures. The colonialist image of the â€Å"naked savage† long poisoned the relationship between African and Western peoples; the forced or coerced abandonment of indigenous attire in favor of Western dress was for much of the past two centuries a symbol of the â€Å"civilizing† process. Throughout Africa today, deliberate revivals of â€Å"traditional† forms serve as symbols of political and cultural movements, often coexisting with Western styles that have been modified to suit local tastes. † Alfred Stieglitz, his Own Vision. Turn-of-the-century reactions to photography as an art form were vehemently negative. Because the photograph so closely resembled reality, photography was considered by many people, especially establishment painters and critics, to be a reportorial medium exclusively. Even the early Photo-Secessionist–the group of photographers headed by Stieglitz Stieglitz, committed to having the artistic merit of his work recognized—deliberately used soft-focus lenses, or darkroom tricks (including brushing or penciling the negative) to make their photographs look like paintings. In 1890, Stieglitz brought America a message. Photography, he said, is capable of more than factual recording. It can become a personal expression of one’s emotional reactions to life, a potential art. But it is not painting; any more than painting is sculpture. â€Å"He began a life-long fight for the recognition, particularly within artistic circles, of photography as an independent medium. He organized the few workers sympathetic to his ideal, first in the Society of Amateur Photographers and then in the Camera Club, whose magazine Camera Notes he founded and edited, making it the first periodical to respect fine photography. † One enduring feature of photography is its identification with art. In a recent analysis of photography, artists contrasted ‘glamour’ with ‘sophistication’. This format found that in the art press photography was described as youthful, dynamic and pleasure-seeking, On the other hand sophistication is seen as: mature, poised, restrained and introvert. It is no accident that they have coincided with the revival of figurative painting and the rise of conceptual art, of what is called photography as a high art forms, of video, alternative film practices, performance art – all of which have worked to challenge both the humanist notion of the artist as romantic individual ‘genius’ (and therefore of art as the expression of universal meaning by a transcendent human subject) and the modernist domination of two particular art forms, painting and sculpture. The Steerage (1907) The exhibition juxtaposes such iconic images as Alfred Stieglitz, The Steerage (1907). The show surveys photography’s thematic and artistic riches from the mid-1880s to the present, from one great era of technical and social change to another. Monumental innovations in the late 19 th century, such as dry-plate technology, hand-held cameras and halftone reproductions, greatly increased the medium’s applications and made it increasingl y integral to American life. All the while he has been photographing, using the camera as a means of personal expression. His prints are simple and direct: they are lyrics that penetrate beneath the surface. The Terminal is more than a record of a vanished scene; it is the essence of Winter in New York. In The Steerage (below) a moment is transfixed which is vitally important to all those travelers to a new land.

Personal Narrative Identity Essay - 1338 Words

Personal Narrative: Identity Identity-â€Å"Ones personal qualities.†Identiy is something only he or she can fully define. My uncle says I am affectionate,cheerful, and calm. My grandmother sees me as slim, pretty and sweet. My dad described me as perky, cheerful and happy, my mom says beautiful, gentle, and self-conscious. These adjectives describe me accurately, yet they are only abstract versions of me. Adjectives cannot begin to describe me and I aknowlege these descriptions for what they are, a condensed translation from my outward self to the world. It is impossible for anyone to understand me completely because nobody has experienced the things I have. My mother has never cherished a raggedy doll named Katie and my father never†¦show more content†¦Pleasant means enjoyable... agreeable... welcoming. When characterizing my identity I don’t want â€Å"pretty† to be the first word that pops into peoples minds. â€Å"Pretty† says: dull and uninteresting. People in school know me, not because I score winning points in basketball games, or come in first in swim meets. People know me because I am supposedly â€Å"good-looking.† Sometimes I feel like I don’t have an identity aside from the way I look, and my definition of identify doesnt include appearance. I sometimes list the things that identify me. My strongest features are my â€Å"different† hair and my â€Å"clear skin.† People have often told me that I should be a â€Å"hand model† or go into commmercialism because I have a â€Å"unique smile† These compliments put a temporary smile on my face, but having clear skin does not make me feel good about myself. Having clear skin does not give me the confidence and self-assurance I need to be happy and accomplish my goals. But according to the majority of my friends and family:my looks are going to get me the farthest â€Å" So I guess in a way my looks are my identity. The problem with characterizations and first impressions is that I don’t give an accurate perseption of the real me. I often seem ditsy and spacy, and sometimes I act in a way that doesnt portray the real me, and that frustrates me beyond words. My friends call me â€Å"bubbly,†Show MoreRelatedPersonal Narrative : Personal Identity932 Words   |  4 PagesAmsterdam I left everything behind and refused to go back. I left the one thing I wanted the most, but found the one thing I needed, freedom. My dark cloud of regret was behind me as I entered my salvation, Amsterdam. I entered the gates of Amsterdam and saw a multitude of smiling faces and entered the light. I had no recollection of how I got there, but I knew he wasn’t here I could feel it. I was finally free and I walked through the golden gates knowing I could start over. 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